Compare Heard Island and McDonald Islands (2008) - El Salvador (2007)

Compare Heard Island and McDonald Islands (2008) z El Salvador (2007)

	Heard Island and McDonald Islands (2008)	El Salvador (2007)

Administrative divisions	-	14 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento); Ahuachapan, Cabanas, Chalatenango, Cuscatlan, La Libertad, La Paz, La Union, Morazan, San Miguel, San Salvador, San Vicente, Santa Ana, Sonsonate, Usulutan
Age structure	-	0-14 years: 36.1% (male 1,281,889/female 1,228,478) 15-64 years: 58.7% (male 1,942,674/female 2,134,154) 65 years and over: 5.2% (male 158,276/female 202,602) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products	-	coffee, sugar, corn, rice, beans, oilseed, cotton, sorghum; beef, dairy products; shrimp
Airports	-	65 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways	-	total: 4 over 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways	-	total: 61 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 12 under 914 m: 48 (2007)
Area	total: 412 sq km land: 412 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 21,040 sq km land: 20,720 sq km water: 320 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly more than two times the size of Washington, DC	slightly smaller than Massachusetts
Background	These uninhabited, barren, sub-Antarctic islands were transferred from the UK to Australia in 1947. Populated by large numbers of seal and bird species, the islands have been designated a nature preserve.	El Salvador achieved independence from Spain in 1821 and from the Central American Federation in 1839. A 12-year civil war, which cost about 75,000 lives, was brought to a close in 1992 when the government and leftist rebels signed a treaty that provided for military and political reforms.
Birth rate	-	26.13 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget	-	revenues: $2.82 billion expenditures: $2.94 billion (FY07 est.)
Capital	-	name: San Salvador geographic coordinates: 13 42 N, 89 12 W time difference: UTC-6 (1 hour behind Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate	antarctic	tropical; rainy season (May to October); dry season (November to April); tropical on coast; temperate in uplands
Coastline	101.9 km	307 km
Constitution	-	20 December 1983
Country name	conventional long form: Territory of Heard Island and McDonald Islands conventional short form: Heard Island and McDonald Islands abbreviation: HIMI	conventional long form: Republic of El Salvador conventional short form: El Salvador local long form: Republica de El Salvador local short form: El Salvador
Death rate	-	5.6 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external	-	$7.518 billion (2006 est.)
Dependency status	territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Antarctic Division of the Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts	-
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (territory of Australia)	chief of mission: Ambassador Charles L. GLAZER embassy: Final Boulevard Santa Elena Sur, Antiguo Cuscatlan, La Libertad, San Salvador mailing address: Unit 3116, APO AA 34023 telephone: [503] 2278-4444 FAX: [503] 2278-5522
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (territory of Australia)	chief of mission: Ambassador Rene Antonio LEON Rodriguez chancery: 2308 California Street NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 265-9671 FAX: [1] (202) 234-3834 consulate(s) general: Chicago, Dallas, Elizabeth (New Jersey), Houston, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, Miami, New York (2), Nogales (Arizona), Santa Ana (California), San Francisco, Washington, DC consulate(s): Boston
Disputes - international	none	International Court of Justice (ICJ) ruled on the delimitation of "bolsones" (disputed areas) along the El Salvador-Honduras boundary, in 1992, with final agreement by the parties in 2006 after an Organization of American States (OAS) survey and a further ICJ ruling in 2003; the 1992 ICJ ruling advised a tripartite resolution to a maritime boundary in the Gulf of Fonseca advocating Honduran access to the Pacific; El Salvador continues to claim tiny Conejo Island, not identified in the ICJ decision, off Honduras in the Gulf of Fonseca
Economic aid - recipient	-	$199.4 million of which $55 million from US (2005)
Economy - overview	The islands have no indigenous economic activity, but the Australian Government allows limited fishing in the surrounding waters.	The smallest country in Central America, El Salvador has the third largest economy, but growth has been minimal in recent years. Hoping to stimulate the sluggish economy, the government is striving to open new export markets, encourage foreign investment, and modernize the tax and healthcare systems. Implementation in 2006 of the Central America-Dominican Republic Free Trade Agreement, which El Salvador was the first to ratify, has strengthened an already positive export trend. The trade deficit has been offset by annual remittances from Salvadorans living abroad - equivalent to more than 16% of GDP - and external aid. With the adoption of the US dollar as its currency in 2001, El Salvador has lost control over monetary policy and must concentrate on maintaining a disciplined fiscal policy. The current government has pursued economic diversification, with some success in promoting textile production, international port services, and tourism. It is committed to opening the economy to trade and investment, and has embarked on a wave of privatizations extending to telecom, electricity distribution, banking, and pension funds.
Electricity - consumption	-	5.204 billion kWh (2006)
Electricity - exports	-	95.5 million kWh (2006)
Electricity - imports	-	322 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - production	-	5.293 billion kWh (2006)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Mawson Peak, on Big Ben 2,745 m	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Cerro El Pital 2,730 m
Environment - current issues	NA	deforestation; soil erosion; water pollution; contamination of soils from disposal of toxic wastes
Environment - international agreements	-	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea
Ethnic groups	-	mestizo 90%, white 9%, Amerindian 1%
Exchange rates	-	the US dollar became El Salvador's currency in 2001
Executive branch	-	chief of state: President Elias Antonio SACA Gonzalez (since 1 June 2004); Vice President Ana Vilma Albanez DE ESCOBAR (since 1 June 2004); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Elias Antonio SACA Gonzalez (since 1 June 2004); Vice President Ana Vilma Albanez DE ESCOBAR (since 1 June 2004) cabinet: Council of Ministers selected by the president elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for a single five-year term; election last held 21 March 2004 (next to be held in March 2009) election results: Elias Antonio SACA Gonzalez elected president; percent of vote - Elias Antonio SACA Gonzalez 57.7%, Schafik HANDAL 35.6%, Hector SILVA 3.9%, other 2.8%
Exports	-	NA bbl/day
Exports - commodities	-	offshore assembly exports, coffee, sugar, shrimp, textiles, chemicals, electricity
Exports - partners	-	US 49.6%, Guatemala 14.4%, Honduras 8.8%, Nicaragua 5% (2006)
Fiscal year	-	calendar year
Flag description	the flag of Australia is used	three equal horizontal bands of blue (top), white, and blue with the national coat of arms centered in the white band; the coat of arms features a round emblem encircled by the words REPUBLICA DE EL SALVADOR EN LA AMERICA CENTRAL; similar to the flag of Nicaragua, which has a different coat of arms centered in the white band - it features a triangle encircled by the words REPUBLICA DE NICARAGUA on top and AMERICA CENTRAL on the bottom; also similar to the flag of Honduras, which has five blue stars arranged in an X pattern centered in the white band
GDP - composition by sector	-	agriculture: 10.1% industry: 29.9% services: 60% (2006 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	-	4.2% (2006 est.)
Geographic coordinates	53 06 S, 72 31 E	13 50 N, 88 55 W
Geography - note	-	smallest Central American country and only one without a coastline on Caribbean Sea
Heliports	-	1 (2007)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	-	lowest 10%: 0.7% highest 10%: 38.8% (2002)
Illicit drugs	-	transshipment point for cocaine; small amounts of marijuana produced for local consumption; significant use of cocaine
Imports	-	NA bbl/day
Imports - commodities	-	raw materials, consumer goods, capital goods, fuels, foodstuffs, petroleum, electricity
Imports - partners	-	US 32.2%, Guatemala 9.3%, Mexico 7.4%, Germany 6.3%, China 4.7% (2006)
Independence	-	15 September 1821 (from Spain)
Industrial production growth rate	-	2% (2006 est.)
Industries	-	food processing, beverages, petroleum, chemicals, fertilizer, textiles, furniture, light metals
Infant mortality rate	-	total: 22.88 deaths/1,000 live births male: 25.76 deaths/1,000 live births female: 19.86 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	-	4% (2006 est.)
International organization participation	-	BCIE, CACM, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC, LAES, MIGA, MINURSO, NAM (observer), OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Irrigated land	0 sq km	450 sq km (2003)
Judicial branch	-	Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (judges are selected by the Legislative Assembly)
Labor force	-	2.875 million (2006 est.)
Labor force - by occupation	-	agriculture: 17.1% industry: 17.1% services: 65.8% (2003 est.)
Land boundaries	0 km	total: 545 km border countries: Guatemala 203 km, Honduras 342 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2005)	arable land: 31.37% permanent crops: 11.88% other: 56.75% (2005)
Languages	-	Spanish, Nahua (among some Amerindians)
Legal system	the laws of Australia, where applicable, apply	based on civil and Roman law with traces of common law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court
Legislative branch	-	unicameral Legislative Assembly or Asamblea Legislativa (84 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve three-year terms) elections: last held 12 March 2006 (next to be held in March 2009) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - ARENA 34, FMLN 32, PCN 10, PDC 6, CD 2
Life expectancy at birth	-	total population: 71.78 years male: 68.18 years female: 75.57 years (2007 est.)
Literacy	-	definition: age 10 and over can read and write total population: 80.2% male: 82.8% female: 77.7% (2003 est.)
Location	islands in the Indian Ocean, about two-thirds of the way from Madagascar to Antarctica	Central America, bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between Guatemala and Honduras
Map references	Antarctic Region	Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm	territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of Australia; Australia conducts fisheries patrols	-
Military branches	-	Salvadoran Army (ES), Salvadoran Navy (FNES), Salvadoran Air Force (Fuerza Aerea Salvadorena, FAS) (2006)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	-	5% (2006)
National holiday	-	Independence Day, 15 September (1821)
Nationality	-	noun: Salvadoran(s) adjective: Salvadoran
Natural hazards	Mawson Peak, an active volcano, is on Heard Island	known as the Land of Volcanoes; frequent and sometimes destructive earthquakes and volcanic activity; extremely susceptible to hurricanes
Natural resources	fish	hydropower, geothermal power, petroleum, arable land
Net migration rate	-	-3.54 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Political parties and leaders	-	Christian Democratic Party or PDC [Rodolfo PARKER]; Democratic Convergence or CD [Ruben ZAMORA] (formerly United Democratic Center or CDU); Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front or FMLN [Medardo GONZALEZ]; National Conciliation Party or PCN [Ciro CRUZ ZEPEDA]; National Republican Alliance or ARENA [Elias Antonio SACA Gonzalez]; Popular Social Christian Party or PPSC [Rene AGUILUZ]; Revolutionary Democratic Front or FDR [Julio Cesar HERNANDEZ Carcamo]
Political pressure groups and leaders	-	labor organizations - Electrical Industry Union of El Salvador or SIES; Federation of the Construction Industry, Similar Transport and other activities, or FESINCONTRANS; National Confederation of Salvadoran Workers or CNTS; National Union of Salvadoran Workers or UNTS; Port Industry Union of El Salvador or SIPES; Salvadoran Union of Ex-Petrolleros and Peasant Workers or USEPOC; Salvadoran Workers Central or CTS; Workers Union of Electrical Corporation or STCEL; business organizations - National Association of Small Enterprise or ANEP; Salvadoran Assembly Industry Association or ASIC; Salvadoran Industrial Association or ASI
Population	uninhabited	6,948,073 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line	-	35.2% (2005 est.)
Population growth rate	-	1.699% (2007 est.)
Radio broadcast stations	-	AM 52, FM 144, shortwave 0 (2005)
Railways	-	total: 562 km narrow gauge: 562 km 0.914-m gauge note: railways not in operation since 2005 because of disuse and lack of maintenance due to high costs (2007)
Religions	-	Roman Catholic 83%, other 17% note: there is extensive activity by Protestant groups throughout the country; by the end of 1992, there were an estimated 1 million Protestant evangelicals in El Salvador
Sex ratio	-	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.043 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.91 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.781 male(s)/female total population: 0.949 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage	-	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	-	general assessment: the four mobile-cellular service providers are expanding services rapidly and in 2006 mobile-cellular density stood at roughly 55 per 100 persons; growth in fixed-line services has slowed in the face of mobile-cellular competition domestic: nationwide microwave radio relay system international: country code - 503; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); connected to Central American Microwave System
Telephones - main lines in use	-	1.037 million (2006)
Telephones - mobile cellular	-	3.852 million (2006)
Television broadcast stations	-	5 (1997)
Terrain	Heard Island - 80% ice-covered, bleak and mountainous, dominated by a large massif (Big Ben) and an active volcano (Mawson Peak); McDonald Islands - small and rocky	mostly mountains with narrow coastal belt and central plateau
Total fertility rate	-	3.08 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate	-	6% official rate; but the economy has much underemployment (2006 est.)
Waterways	-	Rio Lempa partially navigable for small craft (2007)

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